AI autonomously taking over tasks may not reduce employees’ mental workload

  • Research

Issue No. 197 Aug 2026

Prof Jie (Jay) Xu, Director of the Lingnan University Cognitive Science Research Centre and Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology, says  that these findings provide vital reference value for various industries, including in future flight deck design, remote operations, intelligent transportation, and human-machine collaboration scenarios involving high-risk decision-making.

Prof Jie (Jay) Xu, Director of the Lingnan University Cognitive Science Research Centre and Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology, says that these findings provide vital reference value for various industries.

As artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually being integrated into various industries, human-AI collaboration has become a subject of significant concern. A joint study conducted by the Department of Psychology at Lingnan University found that while AI helps maintain employee performance during surges in workload, allowing it to autonomously decide when to take over and relinquish control may make it difficult for users to regain situational awareness, thereby increasing mental fatigue and even leading to human-machine conflict. Academics point out that enhancing the transparency of intelligent systems to help users understand AI decision-making logic, while ensuring humans retain control over task allocation, is essential for maintaining long-term performance and sound judgement. These findings have been published in the internationally renowned interdisciplinary academic journal, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction.

 

Prof Jie (Jay) Xu, Director of the Lingnan University Cognitive Science Research Centre and Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology, noted that these findings provide vital reference value for various industries, including in future flight deck design, remote operations, intelligent transportation, and human-machine collaboration scenarios involving high-risk decision-making.

 

Click HERE to view the full research paper.

Lingnan research team uses the aviation industry as their research background, employing flight simulators to test different modes of human-machine collaboration. The team utilises the multi-attribute task battery (MATB), developed by NASA, to mimic work scenarios where operators have to multitask, and analyses how the distribution of decision-making and control authority between humans and intelligent systems affects safety, work efficiency, and user experience.

The research team uses the aviation industry as their research background, employing flight simulators to test different modes of human-machine collaboration. The team utilises the multi-attribute task battery, developed by NASA, to mimic work scenarios where operators have to multitask, and analyses how the distribution of decision-making and control authority between humans and intelligent systems affects safety, work efficiency, and user experience.